The correct answer is (C) To measure exactly, especially objects of standard size, such as wire or bolts; to measure fluctuating quantities or forces, such as wind, rainfall, depth of liquid, etc. Also, to appraise, estimate, or judge.

Gauge comes from Old French gauger (to measure).

Examples of use:

• He gauged the thickness of the steel plate.
• They gauged the capacity of all three silos.